447 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
447 lines
26 KiB
Markdown
记录一些在安装 LFS 时踩的一些坑和其他值得一提的事情。
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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>
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> 本文中的 LFS 仅指代 12.4 SysV 版本
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## LFS
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以下内容按照对应章节划分：
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- [2.4. Creating a New Partition](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter02/creatingpartition.html)
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虽然此处列举了很多分区，例如 `/opt`，`/usr/sources` 等，但我并不喜欢，也并不觉得有必要将根目录分得如此细碎。对于 UEFI 引导的系统来说（btw 我不认为 BIOS 引导和 UEFI 引导的配置难度之间的差距有很多观点说得那样巨大）除去可选的 Swap 分区外通常 `/`，`/boot`，`/boot/efi`，`/home` 几个分区就足够了。
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- [2.6. Setting the $LFS Variable and the Umask](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter02/aboutlfs.html)
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`$LFS` 变量很重要！建议写到 Host 的 `/root/.bash_profile` 或 `/etc/profile.d/...` 或类似作用的配置文件里防止忘记设置。
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- [2.7. Mounting the New Partition](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter02/mounting.html)
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可以用一个小脚本挂载分区，推荐使用文件系统 UUID 而非诸如 `/dev/sdc1` 这样的绝对路径：
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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[ -z "$LFS" ] && exit 1
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set -euo pipefail
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# 替换为实际的 UUID
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UUID_EFI="{ESP_UUID}"
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UUID_BOOT="{BOOT_UUID}"
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UUID_LFS="{ROOT_UUID}"
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UUID_HOME="{HOME_UUID}"
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ensure_device() {
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local uuid="$1"
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local path="/dev/disk/by-uuid/$uuid"
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if [ ! -e "$path" ]; then
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echo "Device with UUID $uuid not found at $path" >&2
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exit 1
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fi
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echo "$path"
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}
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mkdir_p() {
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local d="$1"
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if [ ! -d "$d" ]; then
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mkdir -p "$d"
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fi
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}
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mkdir_p "$LFS"
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DEV_LFS="$(ensure_device "$UUID_LFS")"
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DEV_BOOT="$(ensure_device "$UUID_BOOT")"
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DEV_EFI="$(ensure_device "$UUID_EFI")"
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DEV_HOME="$(ensure_device "$UUID_HOME")"
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mount "$DEV_LFS" "$LFS"
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mkdir_p "$LFS/boot"
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mount "$DEV_BOOT" "$LFS/boot"
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mkdir_p "$LFS/boot/efi"
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mount "$DEV_EFI" "$LFS/boot/efi"
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mkdir_p "$LFS/home"
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mount "$DEV_HOME" "$LFS/home"
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```
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- [3. Packages and Patches](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter03/chapter03.html)
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强烈建议通过镜像站下载打包好的所有源代码和 patch，否则某些源服务器的下载速度即便在非受限的网络环境也很感人。
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- [4.5. About SBUs](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter04/aboutsbus.html)
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SBU 只提供大概的预期耗时范围，误差是很大的，尤其对于 BLFS 书中的一些编译时间很长的包（如 Qt，Firefox）来说。
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- [5. Compiling a Cross-Toolchain](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter05/chapter05.html)
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从这一章开始将会手动编译大量的包，其中有不少操作是重复的，例如 `tar -xf`，`cd`，`rm -rf` 等，为此可以写一个小脚本节省时间：
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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set -euo pipefail
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[ -z "${1:-}" ] && {
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echo "Usage: $0 <tarball>"
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exit 1
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}
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tarball=$(realpath "$1")
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dir=$(tar -tf "$tarball" | sed -e 's/^\.\///' | cut -d/ -f1 | sort -u)
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if [ "$(echo "$dir" | wc -l)" -ne 1 ]; then
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echo "Error: Tarball must contain a single top-level directory."
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exit 1
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fi
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cleanup() {
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echo "Cleaning up..."
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cd ..
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if [[ -z "$dir" || "$dir" == "/" || "$dir" == "." ]]; then
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echo "Error: Unsafe directory for cleanup: $dir"
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exit 1
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fi
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rm -rf "$dir"
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}
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trap cleanup EXIT INT TERM
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tar -xvf "$tarball"
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if [ ! -d "$dir" ]; then
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echo "Error: Failed to extract directory: $dir"
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exit 1
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fi
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cd "$dir"
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echo "Spawning shell. Type 'exit' to finish and cleanup."
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bash
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```
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它的作用是解压一个只含有一个顶层目录的 tarball，cd 进入解压后得到的目录，生成一个 shell，并在这个 shell 退出时清理先前解压得到的文件。
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另外还有对于在 LFS 与 BLFS 中编译包的一些通用建议：
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1. 通常来说，应该（或者说请务必）在编译和安装一个包后完全删除它的目录，仅有少数例外：
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- linux（保留构建树可以缩短重新构建耗时，或至少保留 config 便于复原配置）
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- blfs-bootscripts（在 BLFS 中）
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注意一些需要多次编译的包，例如 gcc，也应该在每次编译与安装后完全删除目录。
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2. 通常来说，建议将所有相关的 tarball 和 patch 下载在同一个目录中，并且将 tarball 也解压在这个目录中。如果目录层级与该默认情况不一致的话必须修改 LFS 书中提供的命令中对应的相对路径。
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3. 如果和我一样使用 UEFI 引导，那么大概率将会在 [8.64. GRUB-2.12](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/grub.html) 第一次接触 BLFS。和 LFS 不同，BLFS 中大多数包都是可选的，一个包可能会依赖其他包，这些依赖分为三个层级：
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- Required
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- Recommended
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- Optional
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其中 `Required` 是必要的依赖；`Recommended` 通常建议当成 `Required` 看待，除非明确知道对应包的用途和不安装它的影响；`Optional` 酌情安装，很多时候是文档相关的依赖。
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更多关于安装 UEFI 版 GRUB 的话题将会在之后的章节中讨论。
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4. 如果想要的包在 LFS 和 BLFS 包中都没有，例如 fish、libglvnd、flatpak 等，不妨先检查 [GLFS](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/glfs/) 和 [SLFS](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/slfs/) 或同系列的其他书中是否有涉及，如果有的话将节约很多学习和试错成本。
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- [7.4. Entering the Chroot Environment](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter07/chroot.html)
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对于 chroot 也可以使用一个小脚本显著地改善体验：
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```bash
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#!/bin/bash
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[ -z "$LFS" ] && exit 1
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# mount virtual file systems
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mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}
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mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev
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mount -vt devpts devpts -o gid=5,mode=0620 $LFS/dev/pts
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mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
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mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
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mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run
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if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
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install -v -d -m 1777 $LFS$(realpath /dev/shm)
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else
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mount -vt tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev tmpfs $LFS/dev/shm
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fi
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# cleanup (defer)
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cleanup() {
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echo "Cleaning up..."
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mountpoint -q $LFS/dev/shm && umount $LFS/dev/shm
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umount $LFS/dev/pts
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umount $LFS/{sys,proc,run,dev}
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}
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trap cleanup EXIT INT TERM
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# chroot
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chroot "$LFS" /usr/bin/env -i \
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HOME=/root \
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TERM="$TERM" \
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PS1='(lfs chroot) \u:\w\$ ' \
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PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin \
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MAKEFLAGS="-j$(nproc)" \
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TESTSUITEFLAGS="-j$(nproc)" \
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/bin/bash --login
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```
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它的作用是自动挂载一系列虚拟文件系统，同时在退出 chroot 时自动清理。
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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>
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> 此处并不建议使用 `arch-install-scripts` 提供的 `arch-chroot` 偷懒，除非明确知道自己在做什么。
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- [8.64. GRUB-2.12](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter08/grub.html)
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对于 UEFI 引导的系统，此时需要跳转 BLFS 安装 GRUB。为避免过早地陷入依赖地狱，建议仅按照顺序安装以下包：
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1. [efivar-39](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/12.4/postlfs/efivar.html)
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2. [Popt-1.19](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/12.4/general/popt.html)
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3. [efibootmgr-18](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/12.4/postlfs/efibootmgr.html)
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4. [GRUB-2.12 for EFI](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/12.4/postlfs/grub-efi.html)
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这对于引导系统来说已经足够用了。如果需要的话可以再之后再补上文档等其他附加选项。
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- [10.2. Creating the /etc/fstab File](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter10/fstab.html)
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可以使用 `arch-install-scripts` 提供的 `genfstab` 偷懒。
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> [!IMPORTANT]
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>
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> 不同于常见的发行版，LFS 需要在 `/etc/fstab` 中指定一系列虚拟文件系统，如果不这样做的话会导致无法启动。
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- [10.3. Linux-6.16.1](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter10/kernel.html)
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内核配置是整本 LFS 书中最具有挑战的环节。对此我可以总结出几点建议：
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- 复刻并裁剪现有配置
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如果将要使用正在构建的 LFS 系统的机器和 Host 完全相同，并且内核版本相同或相近，可以将 Host 现在运行的内核的配置文件搬过来，同时仅启用当前 Host 加载的内核模块，这将极大地减小配置难度和缩短构建耗时：
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在 Host 上运行：
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```bash
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# 进入内核源码目录
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cd /path/to/lfs/sources/linux-6.16.1
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# 导出当前内核配置（如果 Host 有 /proc/config.gz）
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zcat /proc/config.gz > .config
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```
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在 chroot 环境中运行：
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```bash
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# 进入内核源码目录
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cd /path/to/lfs/sources/linux-6.16.1
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# 裁剪配置
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make localmodconfig
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```
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如果内核版本不一致，会在 `make localmodconfig` 时出现很多交互选项，建议全部保持默认，或使用 `make olddefconfig` 来自动处理。
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在此之后，仍建议按照 LFS 书中的指示检查和调整配置选项。
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- 参考 Host 的内核配置
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即使不打算直接使用 Host 的内核配置，Host 加载的内核模块也能为 LFS 内核的配置提供很好的参考，例如当一个门类下有很多并列且可选的选项时，可以优先启用 Host 当前加载的模块对应的选项。
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- BLFS 要求的内核配置
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除 LFS 书中列出的内核配置选项外，BLFS 中单独列出了所有涉及的包需要的内核配置选项，建议在配置内核时参考 [BLFS Index of Kernel Settings](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/12.4/longindex.html#kernel-config-index) 一节，确保启用了所有必要的选项，否则后续可能需要多次重新编译内核。
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- 对于 NVIDIA
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如果之后会安装闭源的 NVIDIA 驱动程序，则不建议在内核中启用 nouveau 驱动，因为这会导致闭源驱动无法正常工作，后续禁用 nouveau 将会是额外的工作量。
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- `<*>` or `<M>`
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对于大多数选项，建议选择模块化（M）而非内置（\*）。这将显著减少内核体积，并且提高灵活性。但有几种情况例外，例如：
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- 引导相关的选项（例如 EFI 支持）必须内置，否则无法引导。
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- 一些必要的文件系统（例如 ext4）建议内置，否则可能无法挂载根文件系统。
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也有必须模块化的情况，例如：
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- 需要固件支持的驱动程序（如 i915），除非使用 initrd 或将固件内置到内核中。
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- [10.4. Using GRUB to Set Up the Boot Process](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter10/grub.html)
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强烈建议使用 PARTUUID 和 UUID 替代传统的 `/dev/sdXN` 设备路径以及 `(hdM,N)` 来指定 `/boot` 分区和根分区。
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另外，如果将外置存储设备（如 USB 硬盘）作为根文件系统，建议在 GRUB 配置中添加 `rootdelay=10` 或 `rootwait` 参数以防止启动时找不到根文件系统。
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> [!NOTE]
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>
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> UUID 和 PARTUUID 可以通过 `lsblk -o NAME,FSTYPE,UUID,PARTUUID` 查看。
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> [!NOTE]
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>
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> UUID 指的是文件系统 UUID，GRUB 需要具备读取对应文件系统的能力才能识别 UUID。而 PARTUUID 指的是分区 UUID，不依赖文件系统。
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## BLFS
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绝大多数的建议都已在 LFS 部分提及，这里只做少数补充：
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- 阅读顺序
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BLFS 并不像 LFS 那样有线性的章节顺序，但仍建议先顺序阅读直到 [After LFS Configuration Issues](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/postlfs/config.html) 章节**结束**再按自己的需要安装各种包。
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- `su: must be run from a terminal`
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1. What?
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这通常发生在 chroot 后使用 `su` 切换到普通用户，再使用 `su` 试图切换回 root 时。
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2. Why?
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LFS 书中 [7.3. Preparing Virtual Kernel File Systems](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/lfs/view/stable/chapter07/kernfs.html) 中的 `mount -vt devpts devpts -o gid=5,mode=0620 $LFS/dev/pts` 命令将 `/dev/pts` 挂载为全新的 `devpts` 文件系统，导致 tty 上下文丢失，从而无法使用 `su`。
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3. How?
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一个简单的解决方案是使用 `script` 命令重新分配一个伪终端：
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```bash
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script /dev/null
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```
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之后就可以正常使用 `su` 了。
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- [About Firmware](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/postlfs/firmware.html)
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一个偷懒的方法是把 Host 的 `/lib/firmware` 目录复制到 LFS 的对应目录下：
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```bash
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cp -av /lib/firmware $LFS/lib/
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```
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其中 `-a` 选项会保留符号链接和文件权限等信息。
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- [Mesa-25.1.8](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/x/mesa.html)
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此处记录使用 Intel iGPU（i915）和 NVIDIA dGPU（NVIDIA 专有驱动）的混合显卡系统时的配置方法：
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```
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meson setup build \
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--prefix=$XORG_PREFIX \
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--buildtype=release \
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-D platforms=x11,wayland \
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-D gallium-drivers=iris,llvmpipe \
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-D vulkan-drivers=intel,swrast \
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-D valgrind=disabled \
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-D video-codecs=all \
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-D libunwind=disabled \
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-D glvnd=enabled
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```
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其中：
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- `-D gallium-drivers=iris,llvmpipe`：
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- 不包含 NVIDIA 相关的参数，因为 NVIDIA 专有驱动自带完整的 OpenGL 支持，不需要 Mesa 提供。
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- 同时启用 llvmpipe 用于 OpenGL 上下文中的软件渲染以防万一。
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- `iris` 用于 Intel 显卡。对于较新（Gen 8 及更新）的硬件，`crocus`（适用于 Gen 4 到 Gen 7）和 `i915`（更老）用户态 OpenGL 驱动已被废弃，不应再使用。注意此处的 i915 和内核中的 i915 内核驱动是不同的东西。
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- `-D vulkan-drivers=intel,swrast`：
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- 启用 Intel iGPU 的 Vulkan 支持。
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- 同时启用 Vulkan 上下文中的软件光栅化驱动 swrast 以防万一。
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- `-D glvnd=enabled`：启用 GLVND 支持以便和 NVIDIA 专有驱动兼容。libglvnd 需要[在 GLFS 书中安装](https://glfs-book.github.io/glfs/shareddeps/libglvnd.html)。
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- [Qt-6.9.2](https://www.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/view/stable/x/qt6.html)
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此版本的 Qt 的 geoclue2 模块在特定条件下构建时可能会出现错误，日志的一部分如下：
|
||
|
||
<details>
|
||
<summary>错误日志</summary>
|
||
|
||
```log
|
||
[10697/11095] Linking CXX shared mo...s/position/libqtposition_geoclue2.so
|
||
|
||
FAILED: [code=1] qtbase/plugins/position/libqtposition_geoclue2.so
|
||
|
||
: && /usr/bin/c++ -fPIC -DNDEBUG -O2 -shared -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,--version-script,/home/kolkas/qtbuild/qt-everywhere-src-6.9.2/qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.version -Wl,-z,relro,-z,now -Wl,--enable-new-dtags -o qtbase/plugins/position/libqtposition_geoclue2.so qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/client_interface.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/location_interface.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/manager_interface.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/geocluetypes.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosourcefactory_geoclue2.cpp.o -Wl,-rpath,/home/kolkas/qtbuild/qt-everywhere-src-6.9.2/qtbase/lib: qtbase/lib/libQt6DBus.so.6.9.2 qtbase/lib/libQt6Positioning.so.6.9.2 qtbase/lib/libQt6Core.so.6.9.2 && :
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x160): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::staticMetaObject'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x120): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0xc0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::staticMetaObject'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x80): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x40): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::staticMetaObject'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:(.data.rel.ro+0x0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::metaObject() const':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x30): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::metaObject() const'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::metaObject() const':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x50): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::metaObject() const'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x20): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::metaObject() const':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x70): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::metaObject() const'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x40): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::LocationUpdated(QDBusObjectPath const&, QDBusObjectPath const&)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0xb0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::LocationUpdated(QDBusObjectPath const&, QDBusObjectPath const&)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x60): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x2af0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0xc0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x3440): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0xb60): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4140): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_static_metacall(QObject*, QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1000): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4bc0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1a80): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4c20): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1ae0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4c80): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_metacast(char const*)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1b40): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4ce0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ClientInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1ba0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4dc0): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2LocationInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1c80): first defined here
|
||
|
||
/usr/bin/ld: qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp.o: in function `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)':
|
||
|
||
qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp:(.text+0x4e10): multiple definition of `OrgFreedesktopGeoClue2ManagerInterface::qt_metacall(QMetaObject::Call, int, void**)'; qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/CMakeFiles/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin.dir/QGeoPositionInfoSourceFactoryGeoclue2Plugin_autogen/mocs_compilation.cpp.o:mocs_compilation.cpp:(.text+0x1cd0): first defined here
|
||
|
||
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
|
||
|
||
[10716/11095] Building CXX object q...hell.dir/qwaylandqtshellchrome.cpp.o
|
||
|
||
ninja: build stopped: subcommand failed.
|
||
```
|
||
|
||
</details>
|
||
|
||
原因是源文件显式包含了多余的 moc 文件，和自动生成的元对象代码冲突，导致重复定义。出问题的源文件有两个，可以通过以下命令修复：
|
||
|
||
```bash
|
||
sed -i -E 's|\s*#include "moc_.*|// &|g' qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/qgeopositioninfosourcefactory_geoclue2.cpp qtpositioning/src/plugins/position/geoclue2/qgeopositioninfosource_geoclue2.cpp
|
||
```
|